Social exclusion, , means being “materially and socially deprived or living in a household with a very low work intensity.” People who qualified for both at-risk categories were only counted once.
With a rate of 19.9%, Luxembourg ranks slightly below the EU average of 21.9%. The rate in the grand duchy has slowly risen since 2015, when it was 18.4%.
Most EU countries had percentages between 15% and 25%, though outliers include Romania and Bulgaria (35.8% and 33.6% respectively) and the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Slovenia (11.5%, 13.8%, 14.3%).
The Luxembourg bureau of statistics, Statec, recently found the at-risk-of-poverty rate to be 17.2%. wage inequality in the grand duchy was unaffected by the pandemic.